Barletta, 12.September 1943
On 11 September 1943, German paratroopers received orders to disarm the Italian garrison in Barletta (Apulia). The unit encountered resistance by Italian soldiers and had to retreat after suffering losses; around 15 German soldiers were taken prisoner. Two Wehrmacht soldiers moving through the town in search of a hospital were attacked and killed under unclear circumstances.
The next day, a larger contingent of German troops returned to Barletta, attacking with armoured vehicles, artillery, and Luftwaffe support and successfully entering and occupying the town.

Photos of the Barletta operation
The photographer accompanying the paratroopers was Wilhelm Beuschel, born in 1915 in The photographer accompanying the paratroopers was Wilhelm Beuschel, born in 1915 in Schwabach, south of Nuremberg. After studying political science, Beuschel worked in business before being conscripted in February 1940. Initially trained as a paratrooper in Braunschweig, he later trained as a war reporter in Potsdam. In 1943, he served in the war-reporting platoon of the 11th Flying Corps before being assigned to the 1st Paratroop Division, which he accompanied during deployments to Sicily, Calabria, Apulia, and central Italy.
In 1944, Beuschel was stationed in Cassino, where he was awarded the Iron Cross. Although not a professional photographer—he was designated a Wortberichter (editor)—Beuschel left behind around a thousand photos, many of which were published in the Nazi press during the war. The name listed on the German Federal Archives website, “Benschel,” is incorrect. After the war, Beuschel lived in Nuremberg.
The clashes and the massacre
Ten municipal police officers and two garbage collectors were taken prisoner, placed against a wall and executed on Piazza Roma in central Barletta. The site was close to where the two German soldiers had been killed the previous day. The Barletta massacre is considered the first German massacre of Italian civilians during the occupation of Italy.
During the fighting in Barletta, 24 soldiers and 26 civilians were killed. The town suffered extensive damage, and numerous acts of violence against both people and property were recorded.
Archive
Photo Archive, German Federal Archives
Photographer
Wilhelm Beuschel (PK XI Flying Corps)